Growth of Cities and Trade – PRIMARY SOURCES DATABASE

Della mercatura et del mercante perfetto. Libri quattro di M. Benedetto Cotrugli raugeo. Scritti gia piu di anni 110. & hora dati in luce .. (On Commerce and the Perfect Merchant)

June 12, 2025

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Book written in Italian by Benedetto Cotrugli. ...

The Travels of Marco Polo. Les voyages de Marco Polo de Venise

June 12, 2025

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This manuscript from about 1350 is one of the oldest extant copies of Les voyages de Marco Polo (The travels of Marco Polo), the account by the Venetian merchant Marco Polo (circa 1254-1324) of his adventures in Central Asia and the Far East during ...

Biblia (Gutenberg Bible)

June 12, 2025

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This digital primary source is a 1455 incunabulum of the Biblia (Gutenberg Bible) held by the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, featuring the complete Vulgate text and early typographic production. ...

On Commerce & the Perfect Merchant

April 22, 2025

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Della mercatura e del mercante perfetto - On Commerce and the Perfect Merchant (by Benedetto Cotrugli). Text sample from first page: TO THE MOST ILLUSTRIOUS AND MAGNANIMOUS M. GIACOMO RAGAZZONIIt has now been more than 110 years since M. Bened...

Bill of Exchange from Bruges

April 22, 2025

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Bill of Exchange from Bruges on 23 September 1438. ...

Feast of Saint-George

April 22, 2025

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"Gillis Mostaert was a contemporary of Pieter Brueghel the Elder and painted according to his tradition. The Feast of St George is a good example of this. This fair was held in the week of the Feast of St George and was extremely popular for many ye...

Market Scene on the Village Square

April 22, 2025

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Market Scene by Gillis Mostaert in 1579. Gillis Mostaert the Elder (27 or 28 November 1528 – 28 December 1598) was a Flemish Renaissance painter and draughtsman active in Antwerp in the second half of the 16th century. ...

Town scene from The Life of Charlemagne

April 22, 2025

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Town scene from prologue page of The Life of Charlemagne. Transcript of text (detected): "Prologue of the author: The deeds of the ancients should be willingly read, studied, and increasingly remembered, for they can be of value and serve as a g...

Wiismania from Civitates orbis terrarium – Wismar, Germany

April 22, 2025

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The title at the top reads "WIIS MARIA," which suggests the city depicted is likely Wismar, a historic Hanseatic city in northern Germany on the Baltic Sea. The depiction of the Baltic Sea (Maris Baltici), confirms a coastal location. ...

Cantigas de Santa María, Códice rico. – Father took son to field.

April 22, 2025

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Image from the Cantigas de Santa María, Códice rico. CLXXVIII, with text "The farmer took his son to the field, who did not know about death." "Illuminated manuscript: parchment, natural pigments, gold leaf and brushed gold." "The Cantig...